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    • 专利摘要:
    DISPENSATION SYSTEM AND METHOD TO MANAGE ACCESS TO ITEMS STORED IN A CABINET OF A DISPENSATION UNIT. Dispensing units for dispensing items, such as in a health care building, are connected to a network. Dispensing units use a fingerprint to authenticate users. Fingerprints on a candidate list reflect recent authorization, and allow access without other identifying information. Dispensing units on the network can use different fingerprint scanning technologies, but are made compatible by enrolling fingerprints using the different technologies. Two or more reference fingerprints can be stored in a dispensing unit, allowing both a primary fingerprint and an alternative fingerprint to gain access to this dispensing unit. During a user’s enrollment, fingerprints for a user can be “quickly processed” for registration based on a quality determination.
    公开号:BR112013028173B1
    申请号:R112013028173-1
    申请日:2012-05-02
    公开日:2021-03-02
    发明作者:Andrew Chai；Dan Cohen；Joy Kassaian；Michael Thieme；Justin Metzger；Jennifer Cartright
    申请人:Omnicell, Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates, in general, to item dispensing and, in particular, to systems and methods for managing or controlling user access to a dispensing unit, such as a dispensing unit in a hospital or other healthcare building .
    Medical buildings, such as hospitals, use stations or dispensing units to facilitate the distribution of supplies or other items. Such dispensing units can be placed close to patients and are designed to contain various supplies and pharmaceutical products needed by these patients. Dispensing units have the ability to control access and keep records of the number and types of items that are dispensed. For example, a dispensing unit can include a cabinet with a plurality of retractable drawers. Each drawer can be divided into trays, so that more than one type of item can be kept in each drawer in order to facilitate the distribution of one or different items to a single patient or to a group of patients in nearby locations. Security can be provided by providing locks on drawers to allow access to certain users, such as nurses, to allow access to only certain items, or to allow access only at certain times of the day.
    In order to access items in a dispensing unit, an authorized user may be required to provide authentication information. Such information can be provided in the form of a user ID / password, data read from a user card, biometric data (such as by scanning a fingerprint) or some combination of these features.
    For example, in the case of fingerprint authentication, a user may be required to enroll their fingerprint first. This can be done by the user, during the first use of a dispensing unit, by scanning a fingerprint after entering a user ID and password that have been provided by the system administrator. Once the fingerprint is scanned, it is stored in the system as a reference fingerprint, and the same user can access the system and the dispensing unit in the future after scanning his fingerprint, if the scanned fingerprint matches the reference fingerprint.
    Using a fingerprint to authenticate a user presents some problems. For example, a user may injure or injure the finger used for the reference fingerprint, and it may not be possible to subsequently acquire a usable fingerprint scan after it has been enrolled. Also, during enrollment, it can be difficult for a user to determine which finger is best to use (a user's favorite finger can provide a fingerprint that can have features that make it difficult to accurately scan or distinguish from other fingerprints). Also, when a plurality of dispensing units are connected on a network, the scanner on one unit can scan a scanned fingerprint using a different methodology than another unit that scans the same fingerprint and thus the units may not be compatible with each other. In a case like this, a dispensing unit (for example, a newer unit that uses the latest scanning algorithms) may not recognize a scanned fingerprint when enrolling in a different dispensing unit (for example, a prepackaged unit -existing older). SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    There are several embodiments of the invention, in which access to a dispensing unit is provided by requiring a fingerprint scanned from a user.
    In a specific embodiment, a dispensing system includes a cabinet with a plurality of storage locations for storing items, a processor for managing access to items stored in the cabinet, and a database for storing data that represents at least two reference fingerprints. associated with each of a plurality of users who request access to the office. The stored reference fingerprints are at least a primary fingerprint and an alternative fingerprint. The system also includes a scanner in the case to scan a finger of a user requesting access to the case. The processor is programmed to receive a scanned user's fingerprint from a finger that has been scanned on the scanner, to compare the scanned fingerprint with the primary fingerprint stored in the database and, if there is no match, to stop then , compare the scanned fingerprint with the alternative fingerprint stored in the database and to provide access to the user's office only if the scanned fingerprint matches one of the stored primary fingerprint and the stored alternative fingerprint. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Figure 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary dispensing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
    Figure 2 illustrates a network of dispensing units and a central server system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
    Figure 3 is a flowchart of a process to enroll a user (and the user's fingerprints) to access the dispensing units in the network in Figure 2.
    Figure 4 is a flowchart that illustrates a process for granting access from a registered user to a dispensing unit in the network in figure 2.
    Figure 5 illustrates user data stored in the system memory in the dispensing unit seen in figure 1.
    Figure 6 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary computer system in which embodiments of the present invention can be implemented. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    Generally speaking, modalities of the present invention provide methods and systems related to the dispensing of items, such as medical and pharmaceutical supplies, by a nurse or other user in a hospital or other health care building. The system can be implemented as a network with a plurality of stations or dispensing units connected.
    In the modalities described, security is provided by requiring a fingerprint from a user before granting access. The fingerprint is scanned in the dispensing unit and compared as a reference fingerprint stored in the system in the dispensing unit. Access is granted if the scanned fingerprint matches the reference fingerprint. In one embodiment, a dispensing unit system stores two reference fingerprints from two different fingers (a primary fingerprint and an alternative fingerprint). A user requesting access provides each fingerprint. In some circumstances, a user may be asked to scan a second alternative fingerprint if the first scanned primary fingerprint does not match a reference fingerprint, thus minimizing difficulties and delay in access when the first fingerprint cannot be scanned. precisely due to injury, injury, skin moisture or other factors that affect the features of the fingerprint.
    In other ways, in order to use fingerprints for authentication, a user signs up to the system. During enrollment, the user scans multiple fingerprints (from different fingers), one or more of which are stored in the system as reference fingerprints. The determination of which fingerprint to use as a reference is based on the quality of the scan, including characteristics of the fingerprint that would serve to distinguish it from other fingerprints. In one modality, enrollment takes place in a dispensing unit, with a quality determination made and a quality score assigned to each of the scanned fingerprints, and for the purpose of obtaining both a primary reference fingerprint and a fingerprint. alternative reference. After each fingerprint is scanned, if a high quality limit is reached from the scan, this fingerprint is used as a reference fingerprint. If the high quality limit is not reached, the scan is retained and another fingerprint is scanned. If none of the fingerprints reach the high quality limit, then the scanned fingerprints are ranked and the two highest-score fingerprints are used as the primary and alternative fingerprints. However, in such a mode, scanning more than two fingers can be eliminated if any two fingerprints satisfy the high quality limit. In other words, the first scanned fingerprint that satisfies the high quality limit (if any) is used as the primary fingerprint, and the next scanned fingerprint (if any) that satisfies the high quality limit is used as the print alternative digital. An arrangement like this, sometimes referred to here as "quick tracking", saves time during enrollment as the user will not need to scan additional fingerprints after two fingerprints have satisfied the high quality limit. In other modalities, where only a single reference fingerprint is stored (as opposed to both a primary and an alternative fingerprint), no additional fingerprints will need to be scanned after the first fingerprint meets the high quality limit.
    It should be noted that fingerprints are typically not stored and compared in the form of images, but instead in the form of structures or data templates. After a scan is done, the fingerprint image can be enhanced using well-known algorithms and techniques (for example, removing noise or extraneous or unnecessary data, reconstructing fingerprint grooves, removing wrinkles and small scars, separating the data from the printout background data, and so on). Then, the enhanced image is placed through an extraction process, which produces sorting vectors, fiducial (or reference) points, minutiae information from the fingerprint, pattern information fields and other data that help to uniquely identify the impression. digital. The resulting data is compressed and then used (and stored) as a template. Furthermore, the quality of the scan can also be assessed using well-known techniques and algorithms. According to the modalities exposed here, data that represents the evaluated quality can also be stored with the template, to later determine which templates should be chosen as most suitable for use as reference fingerprints.
    For convenience, fingerprint data that is compared and stored for authentication purposes is, in general, referred to here as "a fingerprint", but it should be noted that, in the described modalities, the actual data used for such purposes comprises a structure or "template" of data that is created from a fingerprint image, as exposed. However, in other alternative modalities, images or image data can be used instead of data templates derived from fingerprint images.
    As mentioned, the algorithms and techniques for creating templates and determining quality are known. For example only, template creation and quality assessment are described in US Patent Application Publication 2007/0248249, filed on March 6, 2006 by Stoianov, in US Patent 7,634,117, issued on December 15, 2009 to Cho , in US Patent 7,272,247, issued on September 18, 2007 to Hamid, in US Patent 7,206,437, issued on April 17, 2007 to Kramer et al., in US Patent 6,876,757, issued on April 5 from 2005 to Yau et al., in US Patent 6,766,040, issued on July 20, 2004 to Catalano et al., and in Tebassi et al. "NIST Fingerprint Image Quality", published by the US Department of Commerce's National Institute of Standards and Technology (NISTIR 7151, August 2004), each of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
    In additional described modalities, a network of connected dispensing units can include some units that employ a methodology (including a set of algorithms) to create a template from a scanned fingerprint and other dispensing units that employ a different second methodology ( including a different set of algorithms) to create a template from a scanned fingerprint. Such a modality can arise in an environment in which a medical building that employs older (pre-existing) dispensing units adds new dispensing units to the network, and results in the requirement that a user, in some cases, enroll and scan fingerprints in a pre-existing dispensing unit and, in other cases, enroll and scan fingerprints in a new dispensing unit, with pre-existing and new dispensing units employing different methodologies and digital printing technology. In one mode, dispensing units store and use scanned reference fingerprints both in pre-existing and new units, so that the user does not need to enroll separately in pre-existing dispensing units and new dispensing units in order to to access supplies in each of them.
    Turning now to figure 1, a dispensing unit 100 according to the modalities of the invention is shown. The dispensing unit 100 includes a cabinet 110 with a plurality of retractable drawers 112. The drawers are secured by latches (not shown) that can be opened only when access is granted to an authorized user. Drawers can be divided into trays (not shown) to separate supplies and other stored items. The specific construction of drawers 112 may vary, depending on the needs of the medical building in which they are used. An exemplary type of drawer system in a dispensing unit is described in US Patent 6,039,467 commonly owned, issued March 21, 2000 to Holmes, which is hereby incorporated by reference. It should be noted that the modalities of the invention are not limited to cabinets of the type shown and, in fact, do not need to employ drawers. For example, the dispensing unit may alternatively use doors, sliding panels or other features to separate and secure items stored within itself. Additional types of dispensing units / cabinets are described in US Patent 6,272,394 commonly owned, issued on August 7, 2001 to Lipps, in US Patent 5,805,456, issued on September 8, 1998 to Higham et al., In US patent 5,745,366, issued April 28, 1998 to Higham et al. and in US Patent 5,905,653, issued on May 18, 1999 to Higham et al., which are also hereby incorporated by reference. Cabinet 110 also includes wheels 113 to allow the dispensing unit to be rolled through various locations in the medical building, such as patient rooms or other locations close to a patient or close to the location where dispensed items may be needed.
    The dispensing unit 100 also includes a system with a processor and associated memory devices (generally hidden in cabinet 110 and thus not seen), and several input / output devices connected to the processor. Input / output devices may include a keyboard 114, a screen 116, a card reader (not shown) and, according to the modalities set forth herein, a fingerprint scanner 120.
    In summary, in a healthcare environment, the keyboard 114 and screen 116 of the dispensing unit 100 can be used to enter and select information (for example, entering a user ID / password, selecting patient information and medications and so on). onwards). As will be described in more detail below, the fingerprint scanner 120 can be used to scan the user's fingerprint on a user's finger as part of enrollment and subsequent user authentication.
    Figure 2 illustrates a network 200 in which dispensing units 100 can be used. As seen, network 200 includes a plurality of dispensing units 100, including dispensing units 100a (which employ a type of technology or fingerprint algorithms) and dispensing units 100b (which employ a different type of technology or algorithms of fingerprinting). fingerprint). For the purposes of the present description, the actual type of technology / algorithms is not critical, as there are many different commercially available scanning units that employ different technologies, and any two or more of these commercially available scanner systems can be used on the 200 network. In one embodiment, dispensing units 100a are newer units (employing more recent or updated scanning technology) and dispensing units 100b are older pre-existing units that have older scanning technology. In other embodiments, the technology employed in different dispensing units (such as units 100a and 100b) may not be newer than the older one, but, instead, just different from one another. Also seen in figure 2 is a server / central management system 210 to which each of the dispensing units is connected, such as by wireless communications. As will be more fully described below, central server 210 manages the overall operation of network 200, including communications between dispensing units, such as the transmission of user data and fingerprint templates. Enrollment
    As previously mentioned, in order for a user to be authenticated with fingerprints, in one mode, it is necessary for the user to sign up for the system. During enrollment, the user scans fingerprints and has one or more usable fingerprints stored as reference fingerprints, for later use in comparison with a scanned fingerprint when a user wants access.
    An exemplary registration process is illustrated in figure 3. The process in figure 3 is implemented under the programmed control of the processor in the dispensing unit 100 in particular where the registration takes place. The application process has two main illustrated sub-processes, one being a fingerprint "evaluation" and the other being a fingerprint "registration".
    In order to start enrollment, the user enters a user ID (and, in a modality, for greater security, a password) in the dispensing unit, step 310. Such data can be entered on the keypad 114. It is understood that, to the user, a user ID and password will typically be issued by the system operator / administrator before using the dispensing system. In some embodiments, a user can enter user data using an encrypted user card that is read in the dispensing unit. In most cases, the user will be asked to sign up the first time any dispensing unit 100 is used. However, there may be exceptions, such as when a user decides not to sign up initially, but merely to use the dispensing system (for example, in order to quickly access the office with the intention of signing up later when there is more time). In a case like this, entering a user ID and password may be all that is required for temporary use of the dispensing station. As another exception, the user may be asked to enroll (or re-enroll) in certain circumstances. Some of these circumstances will be understood from the descriptions that follow, but an example could be the use of a dispensing unit installed again (the user will have previously enrolled in another dispensing unit). If the new dispensing unit employs different scanning technology and, if it has fingerprints scanned with the newest technology, it is desirable that the user will be asked to enroll in the dispensing unit again installed in order to register new reference fingerprints for the user.
    After entering a user ID and password in step 310, and assuming the ID and password are valid, the user is asked to scan a first finger, step 312. Although the system can be programmed to request that a specific finger (and any subsequent fingers) to be scanned, in some modalities, the user can be allowed to scan the first finger preferred by the user. After the finger is scanned, the relevant data from the fingerprint image is extracted (as previously described) and the data resulting from the fingerprint (template) is evaluated to determine its quality, step 316. The quality of the fingerprint can be determined using any of the many well-known techniques. As will be described in summary, the purpose of quality assessment is to allow a determination of how many fingers may need to be scanned and, in some circumstances, to rank the quality of multiple scanned fingers and to choose the highest quality fingerprints of all those scanned as reference fingerprints.
    In the modality seen in figure 3, below, the dispensing unit system determines whether the quality of the newly scanned fingerprint satisfies a relatively high limit quality level, in step 318. The high limit level can be determined by the system design, but, as an example, if each fingerprint is evaluated and assigned a quality score on a scale of 0 - 100 (with 100 being the highest), an example of a high level of threshold quality could be "90", which represents a very high quality digital print that will probably cause very few false correspondences (if any) or other problems that arise from the data extracted from the scanned digital print. Certainly, a quality scale can take other forms and be much less granular (say, a scale of 0 - 10), and the high limit can be defined at different levels, depending on the design of the system. It should be noted that the purpose of determining whether a fingerprint meets the high quality limit is to allow a fingerprint to be "quickly processed" for registration rather than waiting for it to be ranked with other fingerprints, thereby saving time during registration process. The way in which a rapidly processed fingerprint is registered will be briefly described.
    If it is determined that the first scanned fingerprint does not meet the high quality limit in step 318, then the user is asked to scan the next finger in step 320. The quality of this fingerprint is assessed in step 326 and is A determination is made as to whether this fingerprint meets the high quality limit in step 328, and if so, then it is also "quickly processed". It should be noted that, in the described mode, two reference fingerprints must be stored, one being the primary fingerprint (usually the most likely to be used or the most preferred by the user) and the other being an alternative fingerprint ( the most likely next used or preferred). As previously mentioned, the use of two fingerprints during authentication eliminates problems that can arise when the primary fingerprint is injured, injured or subjected to some other circumstance that can make it difficult to acquire a scanned fingerprint of sufficient quality or usefulness to compare with a reference fingerprint.
    Thus, if both the first and the second scanned fingers satisfy the high quality limit, no additional fingers are scanned. However, if this is not the case, then the system will continue to scan fingers in order to assess a sufficient number of fingerprints for quality and choose a more suitable fingerprint as a reference fingerprint. In an exemplary mode, absent fingerprints with a high quality limit, the system in the dispensing unit 100 will ask the user to scan six fingers in the following order (or some other predetermined order): right index, middle right, right thumb, left index finger, left middle finger, left thumb. Steps 320 - 328 are repeated for each of these fingers (unless a finger is quickly processed). Once the last finger has been scanned (as determined in step 332), then all scanned fingerprints are ranked according to their qualities and the best fingerprint is chosen as the reference fingerprint in step 340. If it is the first fingerprint selected, it will be the primary fingerprint (or, as will be described in summary, if the
    primary fingerprint has already been selected, it will be the alternative fingerprint).
    Although not shown in figure 3, in one embodiment, the ranking and selection of the fingerprints in step 340 may include a determination as to whether any of the scanned fingerprints no longer satisfy a minimum quality level that may be required to ensure reasonable authentication by fingerprint of a user. For example, using the quality scale of 0 - 100 mentioned above in conjunction with step 316, if any of the fingerprints have a quality of 10 or less, that fingerprint will be discarded and not ranked in step 340. If none of the fingerprints scanned fingerprints satisfy the minimum quality level, then the enrollment process can be interrupted in step 340 and ask the user to get help from the administrator system.
    Next, the fingerprint enrollment subprocess starts at step 350 for any fingerprint that is processed quickly, as well as any other selected fingerprint, when only one fingerprint (or no fingerprint) is quickly processed. A fingerprint that was selected as a reference fingerprint is rescanned in step 350. In the mode shown, the user's fingerprint to be registered is scanned for four images in step 350, and the four scans are combined into a composite fingerprint (in order to most likely capture fingerprint features that may be missing from one or more of the scans). The construction of a composite fingerprint from multiple scanned images is well known, and descriptions of how this can be done can be found, for example, in US Patent Application Publication 2002/0012455, filed on May 11, 2001 by Benckert, in US Patent 7,797,750, issued on September 14, 2010 to Ho et al., in US Patent 6,333,989, issued on December 25, 2001 to Borza and in the aforementioned US Patent 7,634,117, issued in December 15, 2009 for Cho. The following system checks for duplicate fingerprints, step 358. Duplicates can arise in various circumstances. For example, a user may attempt to register twice (for example, under different IDs) in order to hide the user's real identity or to avoid having access to dispensing units assigned to this user. In other more likely circumstances, a user may have scanned fingerprint characteristics that are very close to those of another user and appear to be duplicated (and thus not usable to distinguish between users). The system can use several factors to determine if there is suspicious / fraudulent activity (in which case the administrator can be alerted), but in other cases, the system may be able to safely consider that there are two users who have very similar fingerprints to each other. from the others, and the system returns to step 320, in which the user is asked to scan another finger.
    If there are no duplicated fingerprints in step 358, then the system determines whether the fingerprint being registered is the primary reference fingerprint, step 360. If it is the primary fingerprint, in step 360, the process returns to step 320 to scan the next finger (and to select and enroll an alternative fingerprint), using steps 326 and 328 (if the next finger meets the high quality limit), or all steps 320 through 340 (if the next finger does not meet the high quality limit). When the process returns to step 360 (and the alternate finger is now enrolled, that is, a "no" in step 360), then both the primary and alternative fingerprints are registered and stored as the fingerprint templates in the system in the dispensing unit, step 370.
    Although not shown in figure 3, once the primary and alternative fingerprint templates are registered in the dispensing unit used for enrollment, these templates are, in turn, sent to the central server 210 and, from there, sent to each one of the other dispensing units 100 (and stored in local memory in each dispensing unit on network 200), so that the user can be authenticated in any of the dispensing units using the registered fingerprints.
    Also, figure 3 illustrates a modality of the invention, in which two fingerprints are registered according to the use of a methodology (fingerprint scanning technology) as part of a user registration. As previously mentioned, in some cases, network 200 may have two (or more) different scanning methodologies in place in the dispensing units. In a case like this, and according to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the system in the dispensing units in which the enrollment takes place can be programmed to use different technologies to scan fingerprints.
    For example, and in addition to figure 2, if only dispensing units 100a are connected to network 210, then all such units can work together using only a single scanning methodology. However, as illustrated in Figure 2, each of the pre-existing dispensing units 100b uses a different, older methodology. In order to accommodate the different methodologies, each of the 100a dispensing units incorporates both newer scanning features (such as registering and storing two different reference fingerprints - primary and alternative) as well as the scanning features used by 100b units (which, in the disclosed modality, only scan and store a single reference fingerprint). Thus, in this described mode, when a finger is scanned in the dispensing units 100a, the units 100a will register both a single fingerprint (using the same methodology as the 100b units) as well as two fingerprints (primary and alternative) using newest technology incorporated into the 100a units. Both the single reference fingerprint and the two referenced fingerprints (primary and alternative) are stored in units 100a and sent to central server 210, with the single fingerprint, in turn, sent to pre-existing units 100b and the two reference fingerprints (alternative and primary), in turn, sent to each of the 100a units (different, perhaps, from the dispensing unit in which the enrollment occurs). As should be noted, this allows a user to be authenticated (using the fingerprints inscribed on one of the 100a units) on either a 100a unit or a 100b unit, based on a single enrollment on one of the 100a units.
    Similarly, when an enrollment occurs in one of the units 100b (resulting in a single reference fingerprint), the single reference fingerprint is sent by the central server 210 to both units 100a and units 100b. Since the 100a units incorporate the pre-existing fingerprint scanning technology that is used in the 100b units, users enrolled in one of the pre-existing 100b units can be authenticated to one of the 100a units using this single reference fingerprint. In summary, the exposed resources (with units 100a incorporating more than one technology or methodology for scanning fingerprint), maintain compatibility between units 100a and units 100b. As should be noted, the features just described can be implemented whenever units 100a and units 100b use different fingerprint scanning methodologies, regardless of the number of fingerprints that are registered as reference fingerprints in any dispensing unit. . Access
    Turning now to Figure 4, a process for authenticating a user to grant access to one of the dispensing units 100 is illustrated. Although the steps are described for accessing one of the units 100a, many of the steps are equally applicable for authentication on one of the 100b units.
    In step 410, the user walks to dispensing unit 100a and scans a finger (both a primary and an alternate finger) on scanner 120. A notable feature of the authentication process is that if the reference fingerprint is on a "candidate list" (to be described in summary), the user does not need to enter a user ID or any other form of identification. Instead, a recognized fingerprint is all that is needed to identify (and authenticate) the user.
    In step 412, the system in the dispensing unit 100a determines whether the fingerprint scanned by the user matches a fingerprint in a "candidate list". The candidate list is a store of recent reference fingerprints used to successfully authenticate a user. In other words, when a user gains access to a dispensing unit for having a scanned and authenticated fingerprint (after being compared as a reference fingerprint), this fingerprint is added to the "candidate list" for all units dispensing network 200. In some modalities, the list of candidates may be specific to certain dispensing units (for example, if a nurse is not expected to have reason to access all offices because some may be in a distant location where the nurse has tasks) and, therefore, the list of candidate fingerprints may not be sent to all dispensing units.
    The fingerprint will remain on the candidate list for a predetermined period of time. In one embodiment, a fingerprint is kept on the candidate list for a period of time corresponding to a user's work shift in the medical building (for example, eight hours or some period of time corresponding to an eight-hour shift). In other modalities, the time period may be longer or shorter. As it should be apparent, the list of candidates is designed to allow very quick and convenient access to one of the dispensing units by someone who has recently been authenticated, by simply scanning a fingerprint and without also having to enter a user ID or some other form of identification along with the fingerprint. However, if the candidate list is kept for a very long time, there may be an increased risk that someone who works outside of their normal working hours, or someone with a fingerprint that can be falsely matched with another, gaining inappropriate access to the dispensing cabinet. The network operator 200 can use a rules-based model implemented on the central server 210, for example, based on developed guidelines, based on experimental data, or perhaps based on judging best practices, in determining how long keep a fingerprint on the candidate list after it has been authenticated, and this template can be programmed into the central system 210 to send a command to each of the dispensing units to remove a fingerprint from the candidate list after the period predetermined time has expired.
    Returning to figure 4, if the fingerprint of the user who wants access is on the list of candidates, in step 412, then access is granted, step 450.
    If the scanned fingerprint is not on the candidate list in step 412, then the user is required to enter a user ID (in order to identify the user), step 414, and the user is again required to scan a fingerprint, step 420. In an alternative embodiment, the system can temporarily store the fingerprint scanned in step 410, and use it instead of scanning it a second time in step 420. The scanned fingerprint is compared to the reference fingerprint stored in the dispensing unit for the identified user (step 422). If there is a match, in step 422, the user is authenticated and the reference fingerprint is added to the candidate list (step 440) and the user is granted access to the dispensing unit. If there is no match in step 422, the user is required to enter a password (to authenticate the user, in addition to the scanned fingerprint) and, if the password entered is correct, step 426, the scanned fingerprint is added to the list of candidates (step 440) and the user is granted access in step 450. If the password entered in step 426 is not correct, access to the dispensing unit is denied, step 430.
    Figure 5 illustrates some of the data stored in local memory 510 in one of the dispensing units 100. As seen, for purposes of implementing the access process seen in figure 4, the local memory stores a user table 520, user bios 530 and a list of candidates 540. As previously mentioned, this data is loaded into dispensing units under the control of the central server 210. The central server adds a user to user table 520 when the user is first authorized by a administrator system to use the dispensing units.
    User table 520 includes, for each authorized user, a user ID, a user password and any other identifying and personal information (not shown) that may be required in the dispensing unit to perform its functions.
    User bios 530 for each user includes the reference fingerprints that are stored (either captured during enrollment in this dispensing unit or sent from central server 210 for fingerprints captured in other dispensing units). The user ID for a user is stored in association with reference fingerprints for that user, so that, after entering a user ID (for example, step 414), a scanned fingerprint for this user (step 420) can be compared to the stored reference fingerprint associated with this user (step 422). Reference fingerprints include, in some embodiments (as previously mentioned), fingerprint templates using methodologies employed in both units 100a and 100b.
    Thus, in the mode described in conjunction with figure 2, user bios 530 in each dispensing unit 100a (for example, units with newer technology, which can scan fingerprints using both new and old technology), have both fingerprints reference technology (primary and alternative reference fingerprints) as well as a single pre-existing reference fingerprint for each user. User bios 530 in each dispensing unit 100b (for example, older technology units) have only a single pre-existing reference fingerprint.
    Candidate list 540 in local memory 510 keeps reference fingerprints for any newly authenticated user (with a scanned fingerprint) in any dispensing unit and stores the reference fingerprint in association with the user ID for the authenticated user. As previously mentioned, the reference fingerprint for any user is removed from the candidate list after a predetermined period of time.
    Figure 6 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary computer system in which embodiments of the present invention can be implemented. This example illustrates a computer system 600, as it can be used, in whole, in part or with various modifications, to provide the functions of the system in the dispensing units 100 and the central server 210, as well as other components and functions of the invention. described here.
    The computer system 600 is shown comprising hardware elements that can be electrically coupled via a 690 bus. The hardware elements can include one or more central processing units 610, one or more input devices 620 (for example, a mouse, keyboard, scanner, etc.), and one or more 630 output devices (for example, a display device, a printer, etc.). Computer system 600 may also include one or more storage devices 640, which represent remote, local, fixed and / or removable storage devices and storage media to temporarily and / or more permanently contain computer-readable information and one or more storage media reader (s) 650 to access storage device (s) 640. For example, storage device (s) 640 can be disk drives, storage devices optical storage, solid state storage device, such as a random access memory ("RAM") and / or an exclusive read memory ("ROM"), which can be programmable, quickly upgradeable or the like.
    The computer system 600 may additionally include a communications system 660 (for example, a modem, a network card - wireless or wired, an infrared communication device, a Bluetooth ™ device, a near-field communications device (NFC), a cellular communication device, etc.). The 660 communications system can allow data to be exchanged with a network, system, computer, mobile device and / or other component described above. The 600 system also includes 680 working memory, which may include RAM and ROM devices, as shown. In some embodiments, the computer system 600 may also include a 670 processing acceleration unit, which may include a digital signal processor, a special-purpose processor and / or the like.
    Computer system 600 may also comprise software elements, shown located in working memory 680, including an operating system 684 and / or other code 688. Software code 688 can be used to implement functions of various elements of the architecture here described. For example, software stored and / or executed by a computer system, such as the 600 system, can be used in the implementation of the process seen in figures 3 and 4.
    It should be noted that alternative modalities of a computer system 600 can have numerous variations in relation to those described above. For example, custom hardware can also be used and / or elements in particular can be implemented in hardware, software (including portable software, such as applets) or both. In addition, there may be a connection to other computing devices, such as network input / output and data acquisition devices (not shown).
    Although various methods and processes described herein can be described in relation to particular structural and / or functional components for ease of description, methods of the invention are not limited to any particular structural and / or functional architecture, but may instead be implemented in any appropriate hardware, embedded and / or software configuration. Similarly, although various functionalities are related to certain individual components of the system, unless the context indicates otherwise, this functionality can be distributed or combined among various other components of the system according to different modalities of the invention. As an example, the system in each of the dispensing units 100 and the central server 210 can be implemented by a single system with one or more storage devices and processing elements. As another example, each of the units 100 and the central server 210 can be implemented by different systems, with their respective functions distributed across different systems, both in one location and through a plurality of linked locations.
    Furthermore, although the various flows and processes described here (for example, those illustrated in figures 3 and 4) are described in a particular order for ease of description, unless the context indicates otherwise, several procedures can be reordered , added and / or omitted according to various embodiments of the invention. In addition, the procedures described in relation to a method or process can be incorporated into other methods or processes described; likewise, components of the system described according to a particular structural architecture and / or in relation to a system can be organized into alternative structural architectures and / or incorporated into other described systems. Therefore, although several modalities can be described with (or without) certain features for ease of description and to illustrate exemplary features, the various components and / or features described here in relation to a particular modality can be replaced, added and / or subtracted to provide other modalities, unless the context indicates otherwise. In addition, the term "exemplary" used herein does not mean that the example described is preferred or better than other examples. Consequently, although the invention has been described in relation to exemplary embodiments, it will be realized that the invention is intended to cover all modifications and equivalents within the scope of the following claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [0001]
    1. Dispensing system (100), comprising: a cabinet (110) that has a plurality of storage locations for storing items; a processor to manage access to items stored in the cabinet (110); a database for storing fingerprint data; and a scanner (120) in the cabinet (110) for scanning a finger of a user requesting access to the cabinet (110); wherein the processor is programmed to receive a user's fingerprint scanned from a finger that has been scanned on the scanner (120); characterized by the fact that: the database stores data representing at least two reference fingerprints associated with each of a plurality of users requesting access to the cabinet (110), the two stored fingerprints including at least one primary fingerprint and at least one alternative fingerprint; and the processor is programmed to compare the scanned fingerprint with the primary fingerprint stored in the database and, if there is no match, to then compare the scanned fingerprint with the alternative fingerprint stored in the database, and to provide access to the cabinet, if the scanned fingerprint matches one of the stored primary fingerprint and stored alternative fingerprint; where a user ID is stored in the database, where the processor is further programmed to receive a user ID entered by the user in the cabinet (110), to compare the entered user ID with the stored user ID, and to provide access to the cabinet (110) if both (1) the stored user ID matches the entered user ID and (2) if the scanned fingerprint matches one of the stored reference fingerprints; and wherein said processor is further programmed to also store data for at least one of the two reference fingerprints in the database as a list of fingerprint candidates, if that scanned fingerprint matches one of the stored primary fingerprint and the stored alternative fingerprint and, for subsequent access requests, to compare a user's fingerprint scanned subsequently with the stored fingerprint candidate list, and to provide access to the cabinet (110), without entering a user ID, if the user's fingerprint scanned subsequently matches the list of stored fingerprint candidates.
    [0002]
    2. System (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the processor is programmed to store the list of fingerprint candidates for a predetermined period of time and then after the predetermined period of time , remove the list of fingerprint candidates from the database.
    [0003]
    3. System (100) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the predetermined period of time is related to the working hours of the user with whom that list of fingerprint candidates is associated.
    [0004]
    4. System (100) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the processor enrolls a user by scanning multiple fingerprints and then storing at least one of the multiple fingerprints as a reference fingerprint in the base data, and during which the processor is still programmed to: determine the quality of a first fingerprint of the multiple fingerprints after it is scanned; if the quality of the first fingerprint meets a predetermined quality limit, designate the first fingerprint as a reference fingerprint; if the quality of the first fingerprint fails to satisfy the pre-determined quality level, ask the user to scan a second fingerprint of the multiple fingerprints; determine the quality of the second fingerprint of those multiple fingerprints after it is scanned; if the quality of the second fingerprint meets a predetermined level of quality, designate the second fingerprint as a reference fingerprint; if neither the first fingerprint nor the second fingerprint meet the pre-determined quality level, scan at least a third fingerprint of those multiple fingerprints; if none of the first, second and third scanned fingerprints satisfy the pre-determined quality level, rank each of the multiple scanned fingerprints according to the quality of each one; and designate that impression among the first, second and third fingerprints having the highest quality rank as one of the two reference fingerprints.
    [0005]
    5. System (100) according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that a user password is stored in the database, and in which said processor, before enrolling the user by scanning multiple fingerprints, is programmed to receive a user ID and password entered by the user, and to enroll such a user only if the entered user ID and password match the stored user ID and password.
    [0006]
    System (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that the processor is additionally programmed to determine if any of the multiple scanned fingerprints fails to satisfy a minimum quality level before ranking each of the multiple scanned fingerprints and, if any of those multiple scanned fingerprints fail to meet the minimum quality level, discard and fail to rank any of the multiple scanned fingerprints that fail to meet the minimum quality level.
    [0007]
    7. System (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that the quality of each fingerprint is based on a scale of 0100, and in which the predetermined quality level is at a value of 80 on the scale.
    [0008]
    8. System (100) according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that the minimum quality level is 10 on the scale.
    [0009]
    System (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the system includes a plurality of cabinets, a plurality of processors and a plurality of databases, each of the processors and databases associated with one of the cabinets, in which the cabinet (110) is a first cabinet, and in which said processor is a first processor associated with the first cabinet; wherein the first processor is additionally programmed to receive both a primary fingerprint and an alternative fingerprint scanned on the scanner (120), and to store both the primary fingerprint and the alternative fingerprint in its associated database as fingerprints of reference, to enroll a user to access the first office; wherein a second processor associated with a second cabinet is additionally programmed to scan a fingerprint, and to store that fingerprint in its associated database as a reference fingerprint, to enroll a user to access the second cabinet; wherein the first processor is additionally programmed to store, in its associated database, that fingerprint being scanned in the second cabinet if the primary fingerprint and the alternative fingerprint have not been scanned in the first cabinet; and where the second processor is programmed to store, in its associated database, that primary fingerprint scanned in the first cabinet as a reference fingerprint if said primary fingerprint and said alternative fingerprint have been scanned in the first cabinet.
    [0010]
    System (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cabinet (110) comprises a plurality of retractable drawers (112) with storage locations, and in which the drawers (112) are locked, unless access is provided by the processor.
    [0011]
    11. Method for managing access to items stored in a cabinet (110) of a dispensing unit (100), characterized by the fact that it comprises: storing, in a database device, a user ID and at least two fingerprints reference points associated with each of a plurality of users requesting access to the cabinet (110), the two stored fingerprints including at least one primary fingerprint and an alternative fingerprint; scan, on a scanner (120), a fingerprint of a user requesting access to the cabinet (110); receiving, on a processor, a user ID entered by the user in the cabinet (110) and a scanned user's fingerprint; compare, on the processor, the scanned fingerprint with the primary fingerprint stored in the database; if there is no match, compare the scanned fingerprint on the processor with the alternative fingerprint stored in the database; compare, on the processor, the user ID entered with the stored user ID; provide, on the processor, access to the cabinet (110) if both (1) the stored user ID corresponds to the user ID entered and (2) whether the scanned fingerprint corresponds to one of the stored primary fingerprint and the stored alternative fingerprint ; if the scanned fingerprint matches one of the stored primary fingerprint and stored alternative fingerprint, store data for that primary fingerprint and alternative fingerprint as a list of fingerprint candidates; and providing, on the processor, subsequent access to the cabinet (110), without entering a user ID, if a subsequently scanned fingerprint matches the stored fingerprint candidate list.
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    公开号 | 公开日
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    WO2012151296A1|2012-11-08|
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    CN103782268A|2014-05-07|
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    AU2018256576B2|2020-09-17|
    BR112013028173A2|2020-07-21|
    KR101945034B1|2019-02-01|
    CA2834989C|2020-03-10|
    KR20180102690A|2018-09-17|
    JP6382903B2|2018-08-29|
    KR20140043082A|2014-04-08|
    JP2017037667A|2017-02-16|
    AU2016253614B2|2018-08-30|
    JP6022551B2|2016-11-09|
    EP2705420A4|2014-11-26|
    AU2012250824B2|2016-09-29|
    CA2834989A1|2012-11-08|
    KR101897709B1|2018-09-12|
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    法律状态:
    2020-08-04| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2021-01-26| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2021-03-02| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 02/05/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201161481617P| true| 2011-05-02|2011-05-02|
    US61/481617|2011-05-02|
    US13/101,923|US9042607B2|2011-05-02|2011-05-05|System and method for user access of dispensing unit|
    US13/101923|2011-05-05|
    PCT/US2012/036151|WO2012151296A1|2011-05-02|2012-05-02|System and method for user access of dispensing unit|BR122020022337-5A| BR122020022337B1|2011-05-02|2012-05-02|dispensing system|
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